Rothschild family

Rothschild
Rothschild
Jewish noble banking family
	Coat of arms granted to the Barons Rothschild in 1822 by Emperor Francis I of Austria
Current region	Western Europe (mainly United Kingdom, France, and Germany)
Etymology	Rothschild (German): 'red shield'
Place of origin	Frankfurter Judengasse, Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire
Founded	1760s (1577)
Founder	Elchanan Rothschild (b. 1577)
Titles	List Freiherr von Rothschild (1822) ; Baronet, of Tring Park (1847) ; Baron Rothschild (1885) ;
Traditions	Goût Rothschild
Motto	Concordia, Integritas, Industria (Latin for 'Harmony, Integrity, Industry')
Estate(s)	List Family residences ; British properties ; Palais Rothschild ;
Cadet branches	List Austrian branch ; English branch ; French branch ; Neapolitan branch ;
Website	rothschildarchive.org

The Rothschild family (/ˈrɒθ(s)tʃaɪld/ ROTH(S)-chylde German: [ˈʁoːt.ʃɪlt]) is a wealthy Ashkenazi Jewish noble banking family originally from Frankfurt. The family's documented history starts in 16th-century Frankfurt; its name is derived from the family house, Rothschild, built by Isaak Elchanan Bacharach in Frankfurt in 1567. The family rose to prominence with Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1744–1812), a court factor to the German Landgraves of Hesse-Kassel in the Free City of Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, who established his banking business in the 1760s.^[2] Unlike most previous court factors, Rothschild managed to bequeath his wealth and established an international banking family through his five sons,^[3] who established businesses in Paris, Frankfurt, London, Vienna, and Naples. The family was elevated to noble rank in the Holy Roman Empire and the United Kingdom.^[4]^[5]

During the 19th century, the Rothschild family possessed the largest private fortune in the world, as well as in modern world history.^[6]^[7]^[8] The family's wealth declined over the 20th century, and was divided among many descendants.^[9] Today, their interests cover a diverse range of fields, including financial services, real estate, mining, energy, agriculture, winemaking, and nonprofits.^[10]^[11] Many examples of the family's rural architecture exist across northwestern Europe. The Rothschild family has frequently been the subject of conspiracy theories, many of which have antisemitic origins.^[12]

^ "Lord Rothschild: 'Investors face a geopolitical situation as dangerous as any since WW2'". Telegraph.co.uk. 4 March 2015. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
^ Elon, Amos (1996). Founder: Meyer Amschel Rothschild and His Time. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-255706-1.
^ Backhaus, Fritz (1996). "The Last of the Court Jews – Mayer Amschel Rothschild and His Sons". In Mann, Vivian B.; Cohen, Richard I. (eds.). From Court Jews to the Rothschilds: Art, Patronage, and Power 1600–1800. New York: Prestel. pp. 79–95. ISBN 978-3-7913-1624-6.
^ Rubinstein, William D.; Jolles, Michael; Rubinstein, Hilary L. (2011). The Palgrave Dictionary of Anglo-Jewish History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230304666.
^ Leeson, Robert (2014). Hayek: A Collaborative Biography: Part II, Austria, America and the Rise of Hitler, 1899-1933. Springer Publishing. p. 27. ISBN 9781137325099. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
^ The House of Rothschild: Money's prophets, 1798–1848, Volume 1, Niall Ferguson, 1999, page 481-85
^ "The Rothschild story: A golden era ends for a secretive dynasty". The Independent. Archived from the original on 15 January 2006.
^ The Secret Life of the Jazz Baroness, from The Times 11 April 2009, Rosie Boycott
^ Rothschild: a story of wealth and power, by Derek A. Wilson, (Deutsch 1988), pages 415–456
^ The Rothschilds: Portrait of a Dynasty, By Frederic Morton, page 11
^ Robert Booth (8 July 2011). "Million-pound bash for rising star of the super-rich". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
^ Cite error: The named reference conspiracy1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1] "Lord Rothschild: 'Investors face a geopolitical situation as dangerous as any since WW2'". Telegraph.co.uk. 4 March 2015. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.

[2] Elon, Amos (1996). Founder: Meyer Amschel Rothschild and His Time. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-255706-1.

[3] Backhaus, Fritz (1996). "The Last of the Court Jews – Mayer Amschel Rothschild and His Sons". In Mann, Vivian B.; Cohen, Richard I. (eds.). From Court Jews to the Rothschilds: Art, Patronage, and Power 1600–1800. New York: Prestel. pp. 79–95. ISBN 978-3-7913-1624-6.

[4] Rubinstein, William D.; Jolles, Michael; Rubinstein, Hilary L. (2011). The Palgrave Dictionary of Anglo-Jewish History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230304666.

[5] Leeson, Robert (2014). Hayek: A Collaborative Biography: Part II, Austria, America and the Rise of Hitler, 1899-1933. Springer Publishing. p. 27. ISBN 9781137325099. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2019.

[Rothschild_1999,_page_481-85-6] The House of Rothschild: Money's prophets, 1798–1848, Volume 1, Niall Ferguson, 1999, page 481-85

[7] "The Rothschild story: A golden era ends for a secretive dynasty". The Independent. Archived from the original on 15 January 2006.

[Jazz_Baroness_2009-8] The Secret Life of the Jazz Baroness, from The Times 11 April 2009, Rosie Boycott

[9] Rothschild: a story of wealth and power, by Derek A. Wilson, (Deutsch 1988), pages 415–456

[The_Rothschilds_page_11-10] The Rothschilds: Portrait of a Dynasty, By Frederic Morton, page 11

[guardian.co.uk-11] Robert Booth (8 July 2011). "Million-pound bash for rising star of the super-rich". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2016.

[conspiracy1-12] Cite error: The named reference conspiracy1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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