Rudolf Carnap

Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap
	Rudolf Carnap, 1935, by Francis Schmidt
Born	18 May 1891; Ronsdorf, Lennep, Düsseldorf, Rhine, Prussia, German Empire
Died	14 September 1970 (aged 79); Santa Monica, California, U.S.
Education	University of Jena (B.A., 1914; PhD, 1921); University of Freiburg (audit student, 1911–12); University of Berlin (graduate research, 1917–18); University of Vienna (Dr. phil. hab., 1926)
Era	20th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Analytic; Nominalism; Vienna Circle; Logical positivism; Logical atomism; Logical behaviorism; Formalism in the philosophy of mathematics
Institutions	University of Vienna; Charles University; University of Chicago; Institute for Advanced Study; UCLA
Theses	Der Raum: Ein Beitrag zur Wissenschaftslehre (Space: A Contribution to the Theory of Science) (1921); Der logische Aufbau der Welt (The Logical Structure of the World) (1926);
Doctoral advisor	Bruno Bauch (Ph.D. advisor); Moritz Schlick (Dr. phil. hab.)
Other academic advisors	Gottlob Frege; Heinrich Rickert
Doctoral students	Abner Shimony; David Kaplan
Other notable students	Carl Gustav Hempel; Peter G. Ossorio; Herbert A. Simon; Raymond Smullyan; Yehoshua Bar-Hillel
Main interests	Logic · Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Semantics
Notable ideas	List Physicalism; Phenomenalism in linguistic terms; Logical behaviorism; Extensionalism; Analytic–synthetic distinction (revised); Internal–external distinction; Confirmationism; Constitution theory; Semantics for modal logic; Inductive logic; Constructed systems; Conceptual schemes; Formal epistemology; Framework-relative constitutive a priori; Intension and extension; Functor; Beobachtungssatz (observational statement); Carnap's categoricity (Monomorphie) problem; Forkability theorem (Gabelbarkeitssatz): "every complete axiom system is also categorical (monomorph)"; Logical positivism; Epistemic structural realism; L-true (logically true) statements; Intensional semantics evaluating formulas in state-descriptions; Carnap sentences; Three kinds of space: formal, physical and perceptual; Elimination of metaphysics through logical analysis; Omega-rule; General self-referential lemma; Carnapian (concept) explication; Principle of tolerance; Compatibilism ;

Rudolf Carnap (/ˈkɑːrnæp/;^[20] German: [ˈkaʁnaːp]; 18 May 1891 – 14 September 1970) was a German-language philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter. He was a major member of the Vienna Circle and an advocate of logical positivism.

^ "Review of Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra, Resemblance Nominalism: A Solution to the Problem of Universals" – ndpr.nd.edu
^ Carnap, R. (1934), "On the Character of Philosophic Problems (Über den Charakter der philosophischen Probleme)," translation by W. M. Malisoff, Philosophy of Science, 1, pp. 5–19.
^ ^a ^b Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Behaviorism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
^ ^a ^b ^c A. W. Carus, Michael Friedman, Wolfgang Kienzler, Alan Richardson, Sven Schlotter (eds.), Rudolf Carnap: Early Writings: The Collected Works of Rudolf Carnap, Volume 1, Oxford University Press, 2019, pp. xiii–xiv.
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference SEP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Physicalism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
^ Arthur Sullivan, The Constitutive A Priori: Developing and Extending an Epistemological Framework, Lexington Books, 2018, p. 106.
^ Rudolf Carnap, The Logical Syntax of Language, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1937, pp. 13–14.
^ A. W. Carus, Carnap and Twentieth-Century Thought: Explication as Enlightenment, Cambridge University Press, 2007, p. 222.
^ A. W. Carus, Carnap and Twentieth-Century Thought: Explication as Enlightenment, Cambridge University Press, 2007, pp. 223 and 227.
^ Thomas Uebel, Empiricism at the Crossroads: The Vienna Circle's Protocol-Sentence Debate Revisited, Open Court, 2015, p. 142.
^ Steve Awodey pronounces Carnap's Gabelbarkeitssatz-related pursuits "ill-fated" (Steve Awodey, "Structuralism, Invariance, and Univalence" (March 4, 2014)).
^ "Structural Realism": entry by James Ladyman in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
^ ^a ^b ^c Carnap, Rudolf – Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
^ Rudolf Carnap, "Überwindung der Metaphysik durch logische Analyse der Sprache", Erkenntnis II (1932): 219–241.
^ Dutilh Novaes, Catarina; Reck, Erich (2017). "Carnapian explication, formalisms as cognitive tools, and the paradox of adequate formalization". Synthese. 194: 195–215. doi:10.1007/s11229-015-0816-z.
^ Richardson, Alan; Isaacson, Dan (1994). "Carnap's Principle of Tolerance". Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volumes. 68: 67–83. doi:10.1093/aristoteliansupp/68.1.67. JSTOR 4107023.
^ Rudolf Carnap (1966), An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science, Basic Books, p. 220.
^ C. James Goodwin (2009). Research In Psychology: Methods and Design (6th ed.). Wiley. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-470-52278-3.
^ "Carnap". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.

[1] "Review of Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra, Resemblance Nominalism: A Solution to the Problem of Universals" – ndpr.nd.edu

[2] Carnap, R. (1934), "On the Character of Philosophic Problems (Über den Charakter der philosophischen Probleme)," translation by W. M. Malisoff, Philosophy of Science, 1, pp. 5–19.

[SEP-Beh-3] Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Behaviorism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

[Carus2019-4] A. W. Carus, Michael Friedman, Wolfgang Kienzler, Alan Richardson, Sven Schlotter (eds.), Rudolf Carnap: Early Writings: The Collected Works of Rudolf Carnap, Volume 1, Oxford University Press, 2019, pp. xiii–xiv.

[SEP-5] Cite error: The named reference SEP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[6] Physicalism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)

[7] Arthur Sullivan, The Constitutive A Priori: Developing and Extending an Epistemological Framework, Lexington Books, 2018, p. 106.

[8] Rudolf Carnap, The Logical Syntax of Language, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1937, pp. 13–14.

[9] A. W. Carus, Carnap and Twentieth-Century Thought: Explication as Enlightenment, Cambridge University Press, 2007, p. 222.

[10] A. W. Carus, Carnap and Twentieth-Century Thought: Explication as Enlightenment, Cambridge University Press, 2007, pp. 223 and 227.

[11] Thomas Uebel, Empiricism at the Crossroads: The Vienna Circle's Protocol-Sentence Debate Revisited, Open Court, 2015, p. 142.

[12] Steve Awodey pronounces Carnap's Gabelbarkeitssatz-related pursuits "ill-fated" (Steve Awodey, "Structuralism, Invariance, and Univalence" (March 4, 2014)).

[13] "Structural Realism": entry by James Ladyman in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

[IEP-14] Carnap, Rudolf – Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

[15] Rudolf Carnap, "Überwindung der Metaphysik durch logische Analyse der Sprache", Erkenntnis II (1932): 219–241.

[16] Dutilh Novaes, Catarina; Reck, Erich (2017). "Carnapian explication, formalisms as cognitive tools, and the paradox of adequate formalization". Synthese. 194: 195–215. doi:10.1007/s11229-015-0816-z.

[17] Richardson, Alan; Isaacson, Dan (1994). "Carnap's Principle of Tolerance". Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volumes. 68: 67–83. doi:10.1093/aristoteliansupp/68.1.67. JSTOR 4107023.

[18] Rudolf Carnap (1966), An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science, Basic Books, p. 220.

[19] C. James Goodwin (2009). Research In Psychology: Methods and Design (6th ed.). Wiley. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-470-52278-3.

[20] "Carnap". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.

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Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap, 1935, by Francis Schmidt
Born	(1891-05-18)18 May 1891 Ronsdorf, Lennep, Düsseldorf, Rhine, Prussia, German Empire
Died	14 September 1970(1970-09-14) (aged 79) Santa Monica, California, U.S.
Education	University of Jena (B.A., 1914; PhD, 1921) University of Freiburg (audit student, 1911–12)^[5] University of Berlin (graduate research, 1917–18)^[4] University of Vienna (Dr. phil. hab., 1926)

Era	20th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Analytic Nominalism^[1] Vienna Circle Logical positivism Logical atomism^[2] Logical behaviorism^[3] Formalism in the philosophy of mathematics
Institutions	University of Vienna Charles University University of Chicago Institute for Advanced Study UCLA
Theses	Der Raum: Ein Beitrag zur Wissenschaftslehre (Space: A Contribution to the Theory of Science) (1921) Der logische Aufbau der Welt (The Logical Structure of the World) (1926)
Doctoral advisor	Bruno Bauch (Ph.D. advisor)^[4] Moritz Schlick (Dr. phil. hab.)^[4]
Other academic advisors	Gottlob Frege Heinrich Rickert^[5]
Doctoral students	Abner Shimony David Kaplan
Other notable students	Carl Gustav Hempel Peter G. Ossorio Herbert A. Simon Raymond Smullyan Yehoshua Bar-Hillel
Main interests	Logic · Epistemology Philosophy of science Semantics
Notable ideas	List Physicalism^[6] Phenomenalism in linguistic terms Logical behaviorism^[3] Extensionalism Analytic–synthetic distinction (revised) Internal–external distinction Confirmationism Constitution theory Semantics for modal logic Inductive logic Constructed systems Conceptual schemes Formal epistemology Framework-relative constitutive a priori^[7] Intension and extension Functor^[8] Beobachtungssatz (observational statement) Carnap's categoricity (Monomorphie)^[9] problem Forkability theorem (Gabelbarkeitssatz): "every complete axiom system is also categorical (monomorph)"^[10]^[11]^[12] Logical positivism Epistemic structural realism^[13] L-true (logically true) statements^[14] Intensional semantics evaluating formulas in state-descriptions^[5] Carnap sentences^[14] Three kinds of space: formal, physical and perceptual Elimination of metaphysics through logical analysis^[15] Omega-rule^[14] General self-referential lemma Carnapian (concept) explication^[16] Principle of tolerance^[17] Compatibilism^[18]^[19]