~1890–1930 Russian and Soviet art movement
Abstract art . Vasily Kandinsky , Kandinsky's first abstract watercolor (Study for Composition VII, Première abstraction), painted in 1913[ 1]
Russian Futurism . Natalia Goncharova , Cyclist , 1913
Rayonism . Mikhail Larionov , The Glass , 1912
Suprematism . Kazimir Malevich , Black Square , 1915
Proletkult . El Lissitzky , Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge , 1919
Constructivism . Vladimir Tatlin , Monument to the Third International , 1919
Constructivist art . Alexander Rodchenko , chess table design, 1925
Constructivism . Ilya Golosov , Zuev Club , 1926
The Russian avant-garde was a large, influential wave of avant-garde modern art that flourished in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union , approximately from 1890 to 1930—although some have placed its beginning as early as 1850 and its end as late as 1960. The term covers many separate, but inextricably related, art movements that flourished at the time; including Suprematism , Constructivism , Russian Futurism , Cubo-Futurism , Zaum , Imaginism , and Neo-primitivism .[ 2] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] In Ukraine, many of the artists who were born, grew up or were active in what is now Belarus and Ukraine (including Kazimir Malevich , Aleksandra Ekster , Vladimir Tatlin , David Burliuk , Alexander Archipenko ), are also classified in the Ukrainian avant-garde .[ 6]
The Russian avant-garde reached its creative and popular height in the period between the Russian Revolution of 1917 and 1932, at which point the ideas of the avant-garde clashed with the newly emerged state-sponsored direction of Socialist Realism .[ 7]
^ Wassily Kandinsky, Untitled (study for Composition VII, Première abstraction), watercolor, 1913 , MNAM, Centre Pompidou
^ Hatherley, Owen (2011-11-04). "The constructivists and the Russian revolution in art and achitecture" . The Guardian . ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved 2019-12-13 .
^ "Cubo-Futurism | art movement" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 2019-12-13 .
^ Douglas, Charlotte (1975). "The New Russian Art and Italian Futurism". Art Journal . 34 (3): 229–239. doi :10.2307/775994 . ISSN 0004-3249 . JSTOR 775994 .
^ "A Revolutionary Impulse: The Rise of the Russian Avant-Garde" . The Museum of Modern Art . Retrieved 2019-12-13 .
^ "Ukrainian Avant Garde" . Ukrainian Art Library . 26 January 2017.
^ Groys, Boris (2019-12-31), "3. The Birth of Socialist Realism from the Spirit of the Russian Avant-Garde", The Russian Avant-Garde and Radical Modernism , Academic Studies Press, pp. 250–276, doi :10.1515/9781618111425-010 , ISBN 978-1-61811-142-5 , S2CID 240605358