Scotopic vision

In the study of visual perception, scotopic vision (or scotopia) is the vision of the eye under low-light conditions.^[1] The term comes from the Greek skotos, meaning 'darkness', and -opia, meaning 'a condition of sight'.^[2] In the human eye, cone cells are nonfunctional in low visible light. Scotopic vision is produced exclusively through rod cells, which are most sensitive to wavelengths of around 498 nm^[3] and are insensitive to wavelengths longer than about 640 nm.^[4] Under scotopic conditions, light incident on the retina is not encoded in terms of the spectral power distribution. Higher visual perception occurs under scotopic vision as it does under photopic vision.^[5]

^ Hine, Robert, ed. (2019). A Dictionary of Biology (8th ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780198821489.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-882148-9.
^ "scotopia". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
^ Bowmaker, J K; Dartnall., H J (1980). "Visual pigments of rods and cones in a human retina". The Journal of Physiology. 298: 501–11. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1980.sp013097. PMC 1279132. PMID 7359434.
^ Frisby, John P.; Stone, James V. (2010). Seeing: The Computational Approach to Biological Vision (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-51427-9. OCLC 430192600.
^ Cite error: The named reference McKyton Elul Levin 2024 p. 108929 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1] Hine, Robert, ed. (2019). A Dictionary of Biology (8th ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780198821489.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-882148-9.

[2] "scotopia". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.

[Bowmaker1980-3] Bowmaker, J K; Dartnall., H J (1980). "Visual pigments of rods and cones in a human retina". The Journal of Physiology. 298: 501–11. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1980.sp013097. PMC 1279132. PMID 7359434.

[4] Frisby, John P.; Stone, James V. (2010). Seeing: The Computational Approach to Biological Vision (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-51427-9. OCLC 430192600.

[McKyton_Elul_Levin_2024_p._108929-5] Cite error: The named reference McKyton Elul Levin 2024 p. 108929 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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