Silver nitrate

Silver nitrate
	; Structural formula
	; Crystal structure
Names
	IUPAC name Silver nitrate
	Systematic IUPAC name Silver(I) nitrate
	Other names Nitric acid silver(1+) salt ; Lapis infernalis ; Argentous nitrate
Identifiers
CAS Number	7761-88-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:32130 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL177367 ;
ChemSpider	22878 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.958
EC Number	231-853-9;
PubChem CID	24470;
RTECS number	VW4725000;
UNII	95IT3W8JZE ;
UN number	1493
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3032042 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Ag.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1 Key: SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/Ag.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1 Key: SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYAW;
	SMILES [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Ag+];
Properties
Chemical formula	AgNO3
Molar mass	169.872 g·mol−1
Appearance	colorless solid
Odor	Odorless
Density	4.35 g/cm3 (24 °C); 3.97 g/cm3 (210 °C)
Melting point	209.7 °C (409.5 °F; 482.8 K)
Boiling point	440 °C (824 °F; 713 K) ; decomposes
Solubility in water	122 g/100 mL (0 °C); 170 g/100 mL (10 °C); 256 g/100 mL (25 °C); 373 g/100 mL (40 °C); 912 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	Soluble in acetone, ammonia, ether, glycerol
Solubility in acetic acid	0.776 g/kg (30 °C); 1.244 g/kg (40 °C); 5.503 g/kg (93 °C)
Solubility in acetone	0.35 g/100 g (14 °C); 0.44 g/100 g (18 °C)
Solubility in benzene	0.22 g/kg (35 °C); 0.44 g/kg (40.5 °C)
Solubility in ethanol	3.1 g/100 g (19 °C)
Solubility in ethyl acetate	2.7 g/100 g (20 °C)
log P	0.19
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−45.7·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.744
Viscosity	3.77 cP (244 °C); 3.04 cP (275 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic, oP56
Space group	P212121, No. 19
Point group	222
Lattice constant	a = 6.992(2) Å, b = 7.335(2) Å, c = 10.125(2) Å α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	93.1 J/mol·K
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	140.9 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−124.4 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	−33.4 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	D08AL01 (WHO)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Reacts explosively with ethanol. Toxic. Corrosive.
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H272, H314, H410
Precautionary statements	P220, P273, P280, P305+P351+P338, P310, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 2 OX
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LDLo (lowest published)	800 mg/kg (rabbit, oral); 20 mg/kg (dog, oral)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula AgNO
₃. It is a versatile precursor to many other silver compounds, such as those used in photography. It is far less sensitive to light than the halides.^{[citation needed]} It was once called lunar caustic because silver was called luna by ancient alchemists who associated silver with the moon.^[7] In solid silver nitrate, the silver ions are three-coordinated in a trigonal planar arrangement.^[4]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). New York City: D. Van Nostrand Company. pp. 617–619.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Kiper, Ruslan Anatolievich. "silver nitrate". Chemister.ru. Retrieved 2014-07-20.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Meyer, P.; Rimsky, A.; Chevalier, R. (1978). "Structure du nitrate d'argent à pression et température ordinaires. Exemple de cristal parfait". Acta Crystallogr. B. 34 (5): 1457–1462. Bibcode:1978AcCrB..34.1457M. doi:10.1107/S0567740878005907.
^ ^a ^b ^c Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver nitrate. Retrieved on 2014-07-20.
^ "Silver (metal dust and soluble compounds, as Ag)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ "Definition of Lunar Caustic". dictionary.die.net. Archived from the original on 2012-01-31.

[crc-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.

[sioc-2] Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). New York City: D. Van Nostrand Company. pp. 617–619.

[chemister-3] Kiper, Ruslan Anatolievich. "silver nitrate". Chemister.ru. Retrieved 2014-07-20.

[iucr-4] Meyer, P.; Rimsky, A.; Chevalier, R. (1978). "Structure du nitrate d'argent à pression et température ordinaires. Exemple de cristal parfait". Acta Crystallogr. B. 34 (5): 1457–1462. Bibcode:1978AcCrB..34.1457M. doi:10.1107/S0567740878005907.

[sigma-5] Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver nitrate. Retrieved on 2014-07-20.

[6] "Silver (metal dust and soluble compounds, as Ag)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[7] "Definition of Lunar Caustic". dictionary.die.net. Archived from the original on 2012-01-31.

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Names
Structural formula

Crystal structure
IUPAC name Silver nitrate
Systematic IUPAC name Silver(I) nitrate
Other names Nitric acid silver(1+) salt Lapis infernalis Argentous nitrate
Identifiers
CAS Number	7761-88-8^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:32130^Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL177367^Y
ChemSpider	22878^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.958
EC Number	231-853-9
PubChem CID	24470
RTECS number	VW4725000
UNII	95IT3W8JZE^Y
UN number	1493
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3032042
InChI InChI=1S/Ag.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1^Y Key: SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y InChI=1/Ag.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1 Key: SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYAW
SMILES [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Ag+]
Properties
Chemical formula	AgNO₃
Molar mass	169.872 g·mol⁻¹
Appearance	colorless solid
Odor	Odorless
Density	4.35 g/cm³ (24 °C) 3.97 g/cm³ (210 °C)^[1]
Melting point	209.7 °C (409.5 °F; 482.8 K)^[1]^[3]
Boiling point	440 °C (824 °F; 713 K) decomposes^[1]
Solubility in water	122 g/100 mL (0 °C) 170 g/100 mL (10 °C) 256 g/100 mL (25 °C) 373 g/100 mL (40 °C) 912 g/100 mL (100 °C)^[2]
Solubility	Soluble in acetone,^[1] ammonia, ether, glycerol
Solubility in acetic acid	0.776 g/kg (30 °C) 1.244 g/kg (40 °C) 5.503 g/kg (93 °C)^[3]
Solubility in acetone	0.35 g/100 g (14 °C) 0.44 g/100 g (18 °C)^[2]
Solubility in benzene	0.22 g/kg (35 °C) 0.44 g/kg (40.5 °C)^[2]
Solubility in ethanol	3.1 g/100 g (19 °C)^[2]
Solubility in ethyl acetate	2.7 g/100 g (20 °C)^[3]
log P	0.19
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−45.7·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (n_D)	1.744
Viscosity	3.77 cP (244 °C) 3.04 cP (275 °C)^[3]
Structure
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic, oP56^[4]
Space group	P2₁2₁2₁, No. 19^[4]
Point group	222^[4]
Lattice constant	a = 6.992(2) Å, b = 7.335(2) Å, c = 10.125(2) Å^[4] α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	93.1 J/mol·K^[1]
Std molar entropy (S^⦵₂₉₈)	140.9 J/mol·K^[1]
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	−124.4 kJ/mol^[1]
Gibbs free energy (Δ_fG^⦵)	−33.4 kJ/mol^[1]
Pharmacology
ATC code	D08AL01 (WHO)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Reacts explosively with ethanol. Toxic. Corrosive.
GHS labelling:
Pictograms	^[5]
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H272, H314, H410^[5]
Precautionary statements	P220, P273, P280, P305+P351+P338, P310, P501^[5]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 2 OX
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD_Lo (lowest published)	800 mg/kg (rabbit, oral) 20 mg/kg (dog, oral)^[6]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references