Stresa Front

45°53′47.1″N 8°31′33.6″E / 45.896417°N 8.526000°E / 45.896417; 8.526000

The Stresa Front was an agreement made in Stresa, a town on the banks of Lake Maggiore in Italy, between French prime minister Pierre-Étienne Flandin (with Pierre Laval), British prime minister Ramsay MacDonald, and Italian prime minister Benito Mussolini on 14 April 1935. Practically, the Stresa Front was an alliance between France, Italy, and the United Kingdom, aimed against Nazi Germany.^[1]^: 62

Formally called the Final Declaration of the Stresa Conference, its aim was to reaffirm the Locarno Treaties and to declare that the independence of Austria "would continue to inspire their common policy". The signatories also agreed to resist any future attempt by the Germans to change the Treaty of Versailles. A factor in the Abyssinia Crisis, it encouraged Italian imperial ambitions, motivated by the perception that France and Britain would not intervene if Italy attacked Ethiopia. The Stresa Front began to collapse after the UK signed the Anglo-German Naval Agreement in June 1935, in which Germany was given permission to increase the size of its navy. The Front broke down completely after the Italian invasion of Ethiopia.^[2]^[1]^: 62

The conference venue: the *Palazzo Borromeo* on Isola Bella, one of the Borromean islands of Lake Maggiore in (Northern Italy)

Italy had already made an agreement with the Soviet Union directed against Germany in 1933, known as the Italo-Soviet Pact.^[3]

^ ^a ^b Roi, M.L. (1 March 1995). "From the stresa front to the triple entente: Sir Robert Vansittart, the abyssinian crisis and the containment of Germany". Diplomacy & Statecraft. 6 (1): 61–90. doi:10.1080/09592299508405955. ISSN 0959-2296.
^ "On the responsibly to sink the Stresa Front, by Angelo Paratico". Archived from the original on 1 May 2016.
^ Stoker, Donald J.; Grant, Jonathan (30 August 2003). Girding for Battle: The Arms Trade in a Global Perspective, 1815-1940. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 180. ISBN 978-0-275-97339-1. Retrieved 27 July 2024.

[:0-1] Roi, M.L. (1 March 1995). "From the stresa front to the triple entente: Sir Robert Vansittart, the abyssinian crisis and the containment of Germany". Diplomacy & Statecraft. 6 (1): 61–90. doi:10.1080/09592299508405955. ISSN 0959-2296.

[2] "On the responsibly to sink the Stresa Front, by Angelo Paratico". Archived from the original on 1 May 2016.

[3] Stoker, Donald J.; Grant, Jonathan (30 August 2003). Girding for Battle: The Arms Trade in a Global Perspective, 1815-1940. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 180. ISBN 978-0-275-97339-1. Retrieved 27 July 2024.

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