Back تسرع القلب فوق البطيني Arabic Taquicàrdia supraventricular Catalan Supraventrikulární tachykardie Czech Supraventrikuläre Tachykardie German Taquicardia supraventricular Spanish تاکیکاردی فوق بطنی FA Supraventrikulaarinen takykardia Finnish Tachycardie supraventriculaire French טכיקרדיה על-חדרית HE Supraventrikularna tahikardija Croatian
| Supraventricular tachycardia | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Supraventricular arrhythmia |
 | |
| Lead II electrocardiogram strip showing PSVT with a heart rate of about 180 | |
| Specialty | Cardiology |
| Symptoms | Palpitations, feeling faint, sweating, shortness of breath, chest pain.[1] |
| Types | Atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome,[2] AVRT, AVNRT, PJRT, Sinus Tachycardia, MAT, JET, Atrial tachycardia, SA Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia (SANRT) |
| Causes | Re-entry or increased cardiac muscle automaticity[3] |
| Diagnostic method | Electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor, event monitor[4] |
| Treatment | Medications, medical procedures, surgery[5] |
| Frequency | ~3%[6][7][8] |
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is an umbrella term for fast heart rhythms arising from the upper part of the heart.[2] This is in contrast to the other group of fast heart rhythms – ventricular tachycardia, which start within the lower chambers of the heart.[2] There are four main types of SVT: atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), and Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome.[2] The symptoms of SVT include palpitations, feeling of faintness, sweating, shortness of breath, and/or chest pain.[1]
These abnormal rhythms start from either the atria or atrioventricular node.[2] They are generally due to one of two mechanisms: re-entry or increased automaticity.[3] Diagnosis is typically by electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor, or event monitor.[4] Blood tests may be done to rule out specific underlying causes such as hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytomas, or electrolyte abnormalities.[4]
A normal resting heart rate is 60 to 100 beats per minute. A resting heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute is defined as a tachycardia. During an episode of SVT, the heart beats about 150 to 220 times per minute.[9]
Specific treatment depends on the type of SVT[5] and can include medications, medical procedures, or surgery.[5] Vagal maneuvers, or a procedure known as catheter ablation, may be effective in certain types.[5] For atrial fibrillation, calcium channel blockers or beta blockers may be used for rate control, and selected patients benefit from blood thinners (anticoagulants) such as warfarin or novel anticoagulants.[5] Atrial fibrillation affects about 25 per 1000 people,[7] paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 2.3 per 1000,[6] Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome 2 per 1000,[8] and atrial flutter 0.8 per 1000.[10]
- ^ a b "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of an Arrhythmia?". NHLBI. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ a b c d e "Types of Arrhythmia". NHLBI. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on June 7, 2015.
- ^ a b Al-Zaiti, SS; Magdic, KS (September 2016). "Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management". Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America. 28 (3): 309–316. doi:10.1016/j.cnc.2016.04.005. PMID 27484659.
- ^ a b c "How Are Arrhythmias Diagnosed?". NHLBI. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on February 18, 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "How Are Arrhythmias Treated?". NHLBI. July 1, 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ a b Katritsis, Demosthenes G.; Camm, A. John; Gersh, Bernard J. (2016). Clinical Cardiology: Current Practice Guidelines. Oxford University Press. p. 538. ISBN 9780198733324. Archived from the original on 2016-10-02.
- ^ a b Zoni-Berisso, M; Lercari, F; Carazza, T; Domenicucci, S (2014). "Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective". Clinical Epidemiology. 6: 213–220. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S47385. PMC 4064952. PMID 24966695.
- ^ a b Ferri, Fred F. (2016). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1372. ISBN 9780323448383. Archived from the original on 2016-10-02.
- ^ "Supraventricular tachycardia – Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
- ^ Bennett, David H. (2012). Bennett's Cardiac Arrhythmias: Practical Notes on Interpretation and Treatment. John Wiley & Sons. p. 49. ISBN 9781118432402. Archived from the original on 2016-10-02.