Back والاس فرد محمد Arabic والاس فرد محمد ARZ Wallace Fard Muhammad German Wallace Fard Muhammad Spanish Wallace Fard Muhammad ET والاس فرد محمد FA Wallace Fard Muhammad French Wallace Fard Muhammad GA Wallace Fard Muhammad GL Wallace Fard Muhammad ID
Wallace Fard Muhammad | |
|---|---|
 Official portrait from the Nation of Islam | |
| Leader of the Nation of Islam | |
| In office 1930–1934 | |
| Succeeded by | Elijah Muhammad |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Uncertain, tradition claims February 26, c. 1877[a][1][2] |
| Occupation | Religious and political activist |
| Disappeared | 1934 |
| ^ a. Birth dates attributed to Fard include 1877, 1891, and 1893; the Nation of Islam celebrates February 26, 1877. | |
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Wallace Fard Muhammad, also known as W. F. Muhammad, W. D. Fard, Wallace D. Fard, or Master Fard Muhammad, among other names[3]; (pronounced Far-odd)[4]; (reportedly born February 26, c. 1877[5][a] – disappeared c. 1934); was the founder of the Nation of Islam. He arrived in Detroit in 1930 with an ambiguous background and several aliases and proselytized syncretic Islamic teachings to the city's black population. In 1934, he disappeared, and Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as leader of the Nation of Islam.[8]
The Islamic scholar John Andrew Morrow summarizes Fard's teachings as rooted in "a wide variety of (Islamic) ideas from both East and West" including "Twelver Shi'ism, Sevener Shi'ism, Druzism, and Shi'ite Extremism, as well as Babism, Baha'ism, Yezidism, Ahmadism, and Sufism."[9]
- ^ "N.O.I. Founder, Wallace D. Fard born". African American Registry.
- ^ "Wallace D. Fard – American religious leader". Encyclopedia Britannica. March 2024.
- ^ Knight, Michael Muhammad (February 26, 2013). Dubuc, Nancy; Smith, Shane (eds.). "Remembering Master Fard Muhammad". Vice News. New York City, New York, United States: Vice Media. Archived from the original on April 17, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2022.
- ^ Evanzz 2011, p. 445, Appendices: A. Reported Aliases of the Messenger and of Wallace D. Ford.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
bowenwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Fanusie, Fatimah Abdul-Tawwab (2008). Fard Muhammad in historical context: An Islamic thread in the American religious and cultural quilt (PhD). Washington, D.C., United States: Howard University. OCLC 488985857.
- ^ Morrow 2019, pp. 1–35, Chapter 1. Issues of Origin.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
kavanaughwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Morrow 2019, pp. 36–37, Chapter 2. W.D. Fard: Religious Roots.
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