Embryophyte

Mulmula ti daga; Sakup ti panawen: Tengnga nga Ordobisiano–Agdama (Dagiti espora manipud iti Dapingiano (nasapa a Tengnga nga Ordobisiano)) PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Taksonomia
Pagarian:	Plantae
Klado:	Embryophytes; Engler, 1892
Dagiti dibision
	Saan a baskular a mulmula ti daga (bryophyta) Marchantiophyta; Bryophyta; Anthocerotophyta; †Horneophytopsida; ; Baskular a mulmula (tracheophyta) †Rhyniophyta; †Zosterophyllophyta; Lycopodiophyta; †Trimerophytophyta; Pteridophyta; Agbukel a mulmula (spermatophyta) †Pteridospermatophyta; Pinophyta; Cycadophyta; Ginkgophyta; Gnetophyta; Magnoliophyta; ; ; Dagiti tradisional a grupo: Bryophyta; Pteridophyta; Gymnospermae*; Angiospermae;
Kapada a nagan
	Cormophyta Endlicher, 1836; Phyta Barkley, 1939; Cormobionta Rothmaler, 1948; Euplanta Barkley, 1949; Telomobionta Takhtajan, 1964; Embryobionta Cronquist et al. 1966; Metaphyta Whittaker, 1969; Plantae Margulis, 1971;

Ti Embryophyta, wenno dagiti mula ti daga, ket dagiti kaaduan nga ammo a grupo dagiti berde a mula a mangbukel iti mulmula iti lubong. Ti Embryophyta ket ti maysa a klado iti kaunegan ti Phragmoplastophyta, ti maysa a dakdakkel a klado a mangiraman pay dagiti nadumaduma a grupo ti berde nga algas (mairaman ti Charophyceae ken Coleochaetales), ken iti kaunegan daytoy a dakdakkel a klado dagiti embryophyta ket kabsat iti Zygnematophyceae/Mesotaeniaceae ken mangiraman kadagiti bryophyta ken maipatinayon dagiti polysporangiophyta. Isu a mangiraman dagiti sibibiag nga embryophyta kadagiti hornwort, liverwort, lumot, pako, lycophyta, gymnospermae ken dagiti agsabsabong a mula. Ti Embryophyta ket impormalda a tinawtawagan iti mulmula ti daga gapu ta kangrunaanda nga agbibiag kadagiti naindagaan a habitat, bayat a ti kabagian a berde nga algas ket kangrunaaan nga akuatiko. Amin ket dagiti kompleks a multiselular a eukaryota nga agraman iti espesialisado a reproduktibo nga oragano.

^ Gray, J.; Chaloner, W.G. & Westoll, T.S. (1985), "The Microfossil Record of Early Land Plants: Advances in Understanding of Early Terrestrialization, 1970–1984 [and Discussion]", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 309 (1138): 167–195, Bibcode:1985RSPTB.309..167G, doi:10.1098/rstb.1985.0077
^ Rubinstein, C.V.; Gerrienne, P.; De La Puente, G.S.; Astini, R.A. & Steemans, P. (2010), "Early Middle Ordovician evidence for land plants in Argentina (eastern Gondwana)", New Phytologist, 188 (2): 365–9, doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03433.x, PMID 20731783
^ Engler, A. 1892. Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik: Eine Uebersicht über das ganze Pflanzensystem mit Berücksichtigung der Medicinal- und Nutzpflanzen. Berlin: Gebr. Borntraeger.
^ Pirani, J. R.; Prado, J. (2012). "Embryopsida, a new name for the class of land plants" (PDF). Taxon. 61 (5): 1096–1098. doi:10.1002/tax.615014.
^ Barkley, Fred A. Keys to the phyla of organisms. Missoula, Montana. 1939.
^ Rothmaler, Werner. Über das natürliche System der Organismen. Biologisches Zentralblatt. 67: 242-250. 1948.
^ Barkley, Fred A. "Un esbozo de clasificación de los organismos." Revista de la Facultad Nacional de Agronomia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín. 10: 83-103, [1] Naiyarkibo 2020-04-21 iti Wayback Machine.
^ Takhtajan, A. (1964). The taxa of the higher plants above the rank of order. Taxon 13(5): 160-164, [2] Naiyarkibo 2020-05-16 iti Wayback Machine.
^ Cronquist, A.; Takhtajan, A.; Zimmermann, W. (1966). "On the Higher Taxa of Embryobionta" (PDF). Taxon. 15 (4): 129–134. doi:10.2307/1217531. JSTOR 1217531. Naiyarkibo manipud iti kasisigud (PDF) idi 2020-05-17. Naala idi 2019-02-21.
^ Whittaker, R. H. (1969). "New concepts of kingdoms or organisms" (PDF). Science. 163 (3863): 150–160. Bibcode:1969Sci...163..150W. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.403.5430. doi:10.1126/science.163.3863.150. PMID 5762760. Naiyarkibo manipud iti kasisigud (PDF) idi 2017-11-17. Naala idi 2019-02-21.
^ Margulis, L (1971). "Whittaker's five kingdoms of organisms: minor revisions suggested by considerations of the origin of mitosis". Evolution. 25 (1): 242–245. doi:10.2307/2406516. JSTOR 2406516. PMID 28562945.

[Gray1985-1] Gray, J.; Chaloner, W.G. & Westoll, T.S. (1985), "The Microfossil Record of Early Land Plants: Advances in Understanding of Early Terrestrialization, 1970–1984 [and Discussion]", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 309 (1138): 167–195, Bibcode:1985RSPTB.309..167G, doi:10.1098/rstb.1985.0077

[2] Rubinstein, C.V.; Gerrienne, P.; De La Puente, G.S.; Astini, R.A. & Steemans, P. (2010), "Early Middle Ordovician evidence for land plants in Argentina (eastern Gondwana)", New Phytologist, 188 (2): 365–9, doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03433.x, PMID 20731783

[3] Engler, A. 1892. Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik: Eine Uebersicht über das ganze Pflanzensystem mit Berücksichtigung der Medicinal- und Nutzpflanzen. Berlin: Gebr. Borntraeger.

[4] Pirani, J. R.; Prado, J. (2012). "Embryopsida, a new name for the class of land plants" (PDF). Taxon. 61 (5): 1096–1098. doi:10.1002/tax.615014.

[5] Barkley, Fred A. Keys to the phyla of organisms. Missoula, Montana. 1939.

[6] Rothmaler, Werner. Über das natürliche System der Organismen. Biologisches Zentralblatt. 67: 242-250. 1948.

[7] Barkley, Fred A. "Un esbozo de clasificación de los organismos." Revista de la Facultad Nacional de Agronomia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín. 10: 83-103, [1] Naiyarkibo 2020-04-21 iti Wayback Machine.

[8] Takhtajan, A. (1964). The taxa of the higher plants above the rank of order. Taxon 13(5): 160-164, [2] Naiyarkibo 2020-05-16 iti Wayback Machine.

[9] Cronquist, A.; Takhtajan, A.; Zimmermann, W. (1966). "On the Higher Taxa of Embryobionta" (PDF). Taxon. 15 (4): 129–134. doi:10.2307/1217531. JSTOR 1217531. Naiyarkibo manipud iti kasisigud (PDF) idi 2020-05-17. Naala idi 2019-02-21.

[10] Whittaker, R. H. (1969). "New concepts of kingdoms or organisms" (PDF). Science. 163 (3863): 150–160. Bibcode:1969Sci...163..150W. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.403.5430. doi:10.1126/science.163.3863.150. PMID 5762760. Naiyarkibo manipud iti kasisigud (PDF) idi 2017-11-17. Naala idi 2019-02-21.

[11] Margulis, L (1971). "Whittaker's five kingdoms of organisms: minor revisions suggested by considerations of the origin of mitosis". Evolution. 25 (1): 242–245. doi:10.2307/2406516. JSTOR 2406516. PMID 28562945.

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