Mansa Musa

Musa I
Musa I
	Gambaran baginda dalam Atlas Catalan t.1375.
Mansa Mali
Pemerintahan	s.1312– s.1337 (s. 25 years)
Didahului oleh	Abubakari II
Diikuti oleh	Maghan Musa
Keputeraan	c. 1280; Empayar Mali
Kemangkatan	s. 1337 (berumur 56–57); Unknown
Pasangan	Inari Kunate
Anakanda	Maghan Musa
Kerabat	DInasti Keita
Ayahanda	Faga Laye
Agama	Islam

Mansa Haji Kanga Musa atau Musa I (s. 1280 - s. 1337^[2]) merupakan penguasa setaraf maharaja^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] memerintah Empayar Mali, sebuah kerajaan Islam yang pernah wujud di Afrika Barat.

Baginda menjadi penguasa kerajaan yang terkaya di dunia melalui pelombongan emas yang banyak pada zamannya.^[8] Malah, baginda ada diterangkan sangat luas kekuasaan dan melimpah ruah kekayaannya sehingga pengetahuan ini diketahui sejauh dunia Barat pada Zaman Pertengahan.

Baginda tidak sahaja mengusaha meluaskan pengaruh agama Islam di kerajaannya yang dianggap pintu kepada ketamadunan di Timur, malah membantu kerajaan baginda mencapai pertumbuhan yang luar biasa mengalakkan bidang seni, sastera dan seni bina tempatan.^[9] Zaman kegemilangan kerajaan Mali sangat berkait rapat dengan pemerintahan baginda.

^ Earthen magic and the Empire of Mali = Magia en tierra y el imperio de Mali. FISA. ISBN 9788493112417.
^ Giri, Jacques (1983). Le Sahel demain : catastrophe ou renaissance ?. Kathala. m/s. 24. ISBN 978-2-86537-084-9.
^ Knoblock, Kathleen, "An Interview with Ibn Battuta" Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, Primary Source Fluency Activities: World Cultures (In Sub-Saharan Africa), Shell Education, 2007. ISBN 978-1-4258-0102-1.
^ Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325–1354 Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, by Ibn Battuta, London 2005, p. 324, ISBN 0-415-34473-5.
^ Jansen, Jan (1998). "Hot Issues: The 1997 Kamabolon Ceremony in Kangaba (Mali)". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 31 (2): 253–278. doi:10.2307/221083. JSTOR 221083. |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (bantuan) On page 256, Jan Jansen writes: "Mansa is generally translated as 'king,' 'ruler' or 'ancestor.' The Griaulians, however, often translate mansa as 'God,' 'the divine principle' or 'priest king,' although they never argue the choice for this translation, which has an enormous impact on their analysis of the Kamabolon ceremony."
^ Macbrair, Robert Maxwell, A Grammar of the Mandingo Language: With Vocabularies Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, London, 1873, p. 5.
^ Berkin, Carol, Christopher Miller, Robert Cherny, James Gormly & Douglas Egerton, Making America – A History of the United States Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, 5th edition, Boston, 2011, p. 13. ISBN 978-0-618-47139-3.
^ Thad Morgan, "This 14th-Century African Emperor Remains the Richest Person in History" Diarkibkan 2019-05-01 di Wayback Machine, History.com, March 19, 2018
^ Zamosky, Lisa (2007-01-05). Mansa Musa: Leader of Mali (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Teacher Created Materials. ISBN 978-1-4333-9059-3.

[recherches-1] Earthen magic and the Empire of Mali = Magia en tierra y el imperio de Mali. FISA. ISBN 9788493112417.

[2] Giri, Jacques (1983). Le Sahel demain : catastrophe ou renaissance ?. Kathala. m/s. 24. ISBN 978-2-86537-084-9.

[3] Knoblock, Kathleen, "An Interview with Ibn Battuta" Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, Primary Source Fluency Activities: World Cultures (In Sub-Saharan Africa), Shell Education, 2007. ISBN 978-1-4258-0102-1.

[4] Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325–1354 Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, by Ibn Battuta, London 2005, p. 324, ISBN 0-415-34473-5.

[5] Jansen, Jan (1998). "Hot Issues: The 1997 Kamabolon Ceremony in Kangaba (Mali)". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 31 (2): 253–278. doi:10.2307/221083. JSTOR 221083. |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (bantuan) On page 256, Jan Jansen writes: "Mansa is generally translated as 'king,' 'ruler' or 'ancestor.' The Griaulians, however, often translate mansa as 'God,' 'the divine principle' or 'priest king,' although they never argue the choice for this translation, which has an enormous impact on their analysis of the Kamabolon ceremony."

[6] Macbrair, Robert Maxwell, A Grammar of the Mandingo Language: With Vocabularies Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, London, 1873, p. 5.

[7] Berkin, Carol, Christopher Miller, Robert Cherny, James Gormly & Douglas Egerton, Making America – A History of the United States Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, 5th edition, Boston, 2011, p. 13. ISBN 978-0-618-47139-3.

[8] Thad Morgan, "This 14th-Century African Emperor Remains the Richest Person in History" Diarkibkan 2019-05-01 di Wayback Machine, History.com, March 19, 2018

[9] Zamosky, Lisa (2007-01-05). Mansa Musa: Leader of Mali (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Teacher Created Materials. ISBN 978-1-4333-9059-3.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]