Back Heinrich Himmler AF Heinrich Himmler AN هاينريش هيملر Arabic هاينريش هيملر ARZ Henrix Himmler AZ Генрых Гімлер BE Гайнрых Гімлер BE-X-OLD Хайнрих Химлер Bulgarian হেনরিক হিমলার Bengali/Bangla Heinrich Himmler BR
Heinrich Himmler | |
|---|---|
 Reichsfuhrer-SS Heinrich Himmler in 1942 | |
 Reichsführer-SS | |
| In office 6 January 1929 – 29 April 1945 | |
| Leader | Adolf Hitler |
| Preceded by | Erhard Heiden |
| Succeeded by | Karl Hanke |
| Chief of German Police in the Reich Ministry of the Interior | |
| In office 17 June 1936 – 29 April 1945 | |
| Leader | Adolf Hitler |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Karl Hanke |
| Reich Commissioner for the Strengthening of German Nationhood | |
| In office 7 October 1939 – 29 April 1945 | |
| Leader | Adolf Hitler |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | None |
| Director of the Reich Main Security Office (acting) | |
| In office 4 June 1942 – 30 January 1943 | |
| Preceded by | Reinhard Heydrich |
| Succeeded by | Ernst Kaltenbrunner |
| Reich Minister of the Interior | |
| In office 24 August 1943 – 29 April 1945 | |
| Chancellor | Adolf Hitler |
| Preceded by | Wilhelm Frick |
| Succeeded by | Wilhelm Stuckart |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Heinrich Luitpold Himmler 7 October 1900 Munich, Bavaria, Germany |
| Died | 23 May 1945 (aged 44) Lüneburg, Lower Saxony, Germany |
| Political party | National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) |
| Spouse(s) | Margarete Bode |
| Children | Gudrun, Helge, Nanette Dorotha |
| Alma mater | Technical University Munich |
| Profession | Agronomist |
| Cabinet | Hitler Cabinet |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  German Empire |
| Branch/service | Heer |
| Years of service | 1917–1918 |
| Rank | Fahnenjunker |
| Unit | 11th Bavarian Infantry Regiment |
| Battles/wars | World War I |
Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈluːɪtˌpɔlt ˈhɪmlɐ] (
listen); 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was as German high-ranking Nazi politician. He led the Schutzstaffel (SS) and the Gestapo before and during World War II.
Himmler played a central role in planning the Holocaust and making it happen. (So did his deputy, Reinhard Heydrich.) Himmler created and controlled the Nazi concentration camps,[1] where millions of people died.[2]
For his central role in the Holocaust, Himmler has been described as an "architect" of genocide, terror, and the Final Solution.[3][4][5]
Of the top leaders in the Nazi Party, Himmler was one of the youngest and one of the few who had not fought in World War I. He was involved in the 1923 Beer Hall Putsch; the 1934 Night of the Long Knives (where he and Heydrich[5] organized the murder of SA leader Ernst Röhm); and Kristallnacht/Night Of The Broken Glass (1938).[6]
- ↑ "Heinrich Himmler (1900-1945) | American Experience | PBS". www.pbs.org. Retrieved 2024-09-24.
- ↑ Wachsmann, Nikolaus (2015). KL: A history of the Nazi concentration camps (1st ed.). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-374-11825-9.
- ↑ Breitman, Richard (1992). The architect of genocide: Himmler and the final solution. The Tauber institute for the Study of European Jewry series. Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England for Brandeis University Press. ISBN 978-0-87451-596-1.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ↑ "An Architect of Terror: Heinrich Himmler and the Holocaust". The National WWII Museum | New Orleans. 2020-05-23. Retrieved 2024-09-24.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (May 17, 2021). "Reinhard Heydrich: In Depth". Holocaust Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
- ↑ "Heinrich Himmler | Biography, Crimes, Death, & Facts | Britannica". Encyclopedia Britannica. 2024-09-16. Retrieved 2024-09-24.