Pastki kovak vena

Pastki kovak vena - bu pastki va butun tanadagi kislorodsiz qonni yurakning o'ng bo'lmachasiga olib boradigan katta vena. O'ng va chap umumiy yonbosh venalarining qo'shilishi natijasida hosil bo'ladi, odatda beshinchi bel umurtqasi sohasida joylashadi^[1]. Pastki kovak vena ikki kovak venaning pastki qismi bo'lib, organizmdan kislorodsiz qonni yurakning o'ng bo'lmachasiga olib boradigan ikkita katta qon tomirdir: pastki kovak vena tananing pastki yarmidan qonni olib boradi. Yuqori kovak vena esa tananing yuqori qismidan qon olib boradi. Birgalikda kovak venalari (yurak mushaklarining o'zidan qon olib yuradigan koronar sinusga qo'shimcha ravishda) aortaning venoz qon-tomirlarini hosil qiladi. Qorin bo'shlig'ining orqasida joylashgan va umurtqa pog'onasining o'ng tomonida joylashgan katta retroperitoneal vena^[2].U yurakning pastki o'ng, orqa tomonida o'ng quloqqa kiradi.

Pastki kovak vena chap va o'ng umumiy yonbosh venalarining qo'shilishi natijasida hosil bo'ladi va to'plangan qonni yurakning o'ng bo'lmachasiga olib keladi. Shuningdek, uning toq venasi (umurtqa pog'onasining o'ng tomonida joylashgan) va orqa miya yonidagi venoz pleksuslar bilan birlashadi .

Pastki kovak vena qorin orqasidagi chap va o'ng umumiy yonbosh venalarining belning beshinchi sohasida birlashishi bilan boshlanadi.T8 - T9 darajasida kaval ochilishida ko'krak diafragmasidan o'tadi^[3]. U tushayotgan aortaning o'ng tomoniga o'tadi^[3].

↑ Dardis, Ronan M.; Saxena, Amar; Shad, Amjad; Chitnavis, Bhupal; Gullan, Richard (2012-01-01), Quiñones-Hinojosa, Alfredo (muh.), „Chapter 154 - Disc Replacement Technologies in the Cervical and Lumbar Spine“, Schmidek and Sweet Operative Neurosurgical Techniques (Sixth Edition) (inglizcha), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1777–1788-bet, doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6839-6.10154-6, ISBN 978-1-4160-6839-6, qaraldi: 2020-11-22
↑ Mozes, GEZA; Gloviczki, PETER (2007-01-01), Bergan, John J. (muh.), „CHAPTER 2 - Venous Embryology and Anatomy“, The Vein Book (inglizcha), Burlington: Academic Press, 15–25-bet, doi:10.1016/b978-012369515-4/50005-3, ISBN 978-0-12-369515-4, qaraldi: 2020-11-22
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 Blumgart, Leslie H.; Schwartz, Lawrence H.; DeMatteo, Ronald P. (2017-01-01), Jarnagin, William R. (muh.), „Chapter 2 - Surgical and radiologic anatomy of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas“, Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set (Sixth Edition) (inglizcha), Philadelphia: Elsevier, 32–59.e1-bet, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-34062-5.00002-9, ISBN 978-0-323-34062-5, qaraldi: 2020-11-22

[:1-1] Dardis, Ronan M.; Saxena, Amar; Shad, Amjad; Chitnavis, Bhupal; Gullan, Richard (2012-01-01), Quiñones-Hinojosa, Alfredo (muh.), „Chapter 154 - Disc Replacement Technologies in the Cervical and Lumbar Spine“, Schmidek and Sweet Operative Neurosurgical Techniques (Sixth Edition) (inglizcha), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1777–1788-bet, doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6839-6.10154-6, ISBN 978-1-4160-6839-6, qaraldi: 2020-11-22

[:0-2] Mozes, GEZA; Gloviczki, PETER (2007-01-01), Bergan, John J. (muh.), „CHAPTER 2 - Venous Embryology and Anatomy“, The Vein Book (inglizcha), Burlington: Academic Press, 15–25-bet, doi:10.1016/b978-012369515-4/50005-3, ISBN 978-0-12-369515-4, qaraldi: 2020-11-22

[:2-3] 3,0 ^3,1 Blumgart, Leslie H.; Schwartz, Lawrence H.; DeMatteo, Ronald P. (2017-01-01), Jarnagin, William R. (muh.), „Chapter 2 - Surgical and radiologic anatomy of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas“, Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set (Sixth Edition) (inglizcha), Philadelphia: Elsevier, 32–59.e1-bet, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-34062-5.00002-9, ISBN 978-0-323-34062-5, qaraldi: 2020-11-22

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