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| Inkondlo yesizwe: March of the Volunteers
《义勇军进行曲》 (Pinyin: "Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ") | |||
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| Isiqongo | Beijing | ||
| Idolobha elikhulu | Shanghai | ||
| Ulimi | IsiShayina | ||
| Ubungako bendawo | 9,640,821 km² | ||
| Inani labantu Lonke: Ukuminyana: |
1,339,724,852(2008) 363.3 ab./km² | ||
IShayina (ngokomthetho: IRiphabhuliki yaBantu baseShayina, ngesiNgisi: People's Republic of China, ngokufushane: i-PRC, ngesiShayina: 中华人民共和国, ngesiPinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó) yilizwe empumalanga Eshiya. IKhelane neRashiya neNyakatho Khoriya ngasenyakatho-mpumalanga, iMongoliya ngasenyakatho, iKazakhistani, iThajikhistani neKhirigizistani ngasenyakatho-ntshonalanga, i-Afganistani, iPhakistani, iNdiya, iNephali neBhutani ngasentshonalanga, iMyanmar, iLaos, ne Viyetnamu ngasenzansi. IShayina iduze neNingizimu Khoriya, iJaphani nePhillipines. Ngasempumalanga kunelwandle eliPhuzi (Yellow Sea) nelwandle laseMpumalanga Shayina kuphinde kube nelwande laseNingizimu Shayinga ngazenzansi.
Umbuso we-PRC uphikisana neRiphabuliki yaseShayina mayelana ukubusa kweShayina nesiqhingi saseTaiwan lapho singabusi khona. Awuvumi ukuthu amanye amazwe abanebudlelwane neyo umabanga vumelani nayo ukuthi kuyiyona umbuso wangempela waseTaiwan. Futhi i-PRC iphikisana neVietnam, iBrunei, iPhilippines neMalaysia mayelana ukubusa kweLwande leNingizimu Shayina. Futhi i-PRC iphikisana neNdiya mayelana ukubusa kwezindawo ezithile eKashmir. Ixazulule ukuphikasana ngaphakathi kwayo nePhakistani mayelana ukubusa kwezindawo eziseKashmir lapho khona iPhakistani iphikisana neNdiya. Phezu kwalokho iphikisana neJapani mayelana ukubusa kweziqhingi zaseSenkaku.
Umlando waseShayina usukela eminyakeni eyi-2000 ngaphambu kokuzala kweMvana esikhathini esaziwa nge-Paleolithic emchengezini womfula oliPhuzi. Ngo-221 ngaphambu kokuzala kweMvana, amazwe ebekhona kuleyondawo wahlanganiswa uQin Shi Huang. IShayina yabuswa amaQin, amaHan, amaTang, amaYuan, amaMing namaQing. Ngelikhulu leminyaka ayisishumi neshishiyagalolunye, amazwe aseYuropu aqale ukuthatha umhlaba weShayina.
Ngo-1911, iKuomintang imenule iNkosi uPuyi (ngesiShayina bekaziwa njengeNdodana yeZulu) yasungula iRiphabhuliki yaseShayina. Ngasemuva kweMpi Enkulu yomMhlaba Wonke yokuQala, iNhlangano yobuKhomunisti yaseShayina (i-CCP) yahlokoza imphi yezakhamuzi. Kulesosikhathi iJapani yahlesela, yathatha isifunzwe seShayina saseManchuria. IKuomintang neCCP bamisa ukulwa isikhashane kodwa babuyela khona ekuphethweni kweMpi yoMhlaba Wonke yesiBili. Amakhomunisti waxosha iKuomintang eShayina, iKuomintang yabalekela eTaiwan. Nomabangasalwi, impi engaphakathi kwabo ayikakapheli. Ngo-1990, uMbuso oHlangeneyo nePhotugali zabuyisa iHong Kong neMacau kuShayina.
Umbuso kaMao Zedong, uNobala oMkhulu we-CCP eyalandela ukuxoshwa kwe-Riphabuliki yaseShayina udale ukuhlupheka obukhulu nombuso wempoqo nencindezelo ulubuhlungu ukuthi abantu abayizigidi amashumi amahlanu bashona. Ngo-1961, wakhothama uNobala oMkhulu, kwangena uDeng Xiaoping ezingeni lokuphatha waguqulo isimo somnotho nendlela yokubusa ngangokuthi ngaphansi kwabalandeli bake, iShayina yaba yilizwe elinomnotho oqhataniswa neMelika ngobukhulu bayo . IShayina yanamhlanje idayisa impahla nawonke amazwe asemhlabeni ukundlula amazwe onke ngemali. Namhlanje iShayina inamandla anagangokuthi ibizwe ngelizwe elimandla ukudlula wonke amazwe emhlabeni wonke ngaphandle kweMelika. Inhlokodoloba iseBeijing, idolobha elikhulu liseShanghai, futhi amanye amadolobha abalulekile aseShenzhen, eChongqing, naseTianjing.