Clorazepate

Clorazepate
Clinical data
Trade names	Tranxene, Tranxilium, Novo-Clopate
Other names	Clorazepate dipotassium
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682052
Routes of; administration	Oral
ATC code	N05BA05 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	BR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs); CA: Schedule IV; DE: Prescription only (Anlage III for higher doses); UK: Class C; US: Schedule IV;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	91%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	48 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (RS)-7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-5-phenyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-3-carboxylic acid;
CAS Number	23887-31-2 ; 57109-90-7 (potassium salt);
PubChem CID	2809;
IUPHAR/BPS	7548;
DrugBank	DB00628 ;
ChemSpider	2707 ;
UNII	D51WO0G0L4;
KEGG	C06921 ; as potassium: D00694;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1201305 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20863674 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.041.737
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C16H11ClN2O3
Molar mass	314.73 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C(O)C1N=C(c2ccccc2)c2cc(Cl)ccc2NC1=O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H11ClN2O3/c17-10-6-7-12-11(8-10)13(9-4-2-1-3-5-9)19-14(16(21)22)15(20)18-12/h1-8,14H,(H,18,20)(H,21,22) ; Key:XDDJGVMJFWAHJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Clorazepate, sold under the brand name Tranxene among others, is a benzodiazepine medication. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative, hypnotic, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Clorazepate is an unusually long-lasting benzodiazepine and serves as a prodrug for the equally long-lasting desmethyldiazepam, which is rapidly produced as an active metabolite. Desmethyldiazepam is responsible for most of the therapeutic effects of clorazepate.^[2]

It was patented in 1965 and approved for medical use in 1967.^[3]

^ Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
^ Ochs HR, Greenblatt DJ, Verburg-Ochs B, Locniskar A (October 1984). "Comparative single-dose kinetics of oxazolam, prazepam, and clorazepate: three precursors of desmethyldiazepam". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 24 (10): 446–451. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1984.tb01817.x. PMID 6150943. S2CID 24414335. Archived from the original on 2009-07-20. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 536. ISBN 9783527607495.