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Norian
| Norian | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chronology | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Etymology | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name formality | Formal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage information | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Celestial body | Earth | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regional usage | Global (ICS) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time scale(s) used | ICS Time Scale | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definition | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chronological unit | Age | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stratigraphic unit | Stage | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time span formality | Formal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower boundary definition | Not formally defined[6] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower boundary definition candidates | Base of Stikinoceras kerri ammonoid zone and near FAD of Metapolygnathus echinatus within the M. communisti Conodont zones[6] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower boundary GSSP candidate section(s) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper boundary definition | Not formally defined[6] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper boundary definition candidates |
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| Upper boundary GSSP candidate section(s) |
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The Norian is a division of the Triassic Period. It has the rank of an age (geochronology) or stage (chronostratigraphy). It lasted from ~227 to 208.5 million years ago.[8] It was preceded by the Carnian and succeeded by the Rhaetian.[9]
- ^ Widmann, Philipp; Bucher, Hugo; Leu, Marc; et al. (2020). "Dynamics of the Largest Carbon Isotope Excursion During the Early Triassic Biotic Recovery". Frontiers in Earth Science. 8 (196): 196. Bibcode:2020FrEaS...8..196W. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00196.
- ^ McElwain, J. C.; Punyasena, S. W. (2007). "Mass extinction events and the plant fossil record". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 22 (10): 548–557. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2007.09.003. PMID 17919771.
- ^ Retallack, G. J.; Veevers, J.; Morante, R. (1996). "Global coal gap between Permian–Triassic extinctions and middle Triassic recovery of peat forming plants". GSA Bulletin. 108 (2): 195–207. Bibcode:1996GSAB..108..195R. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0195:GCGBPT>2.3.CO;2. Retrieved 2007-09-29.
- ^ Payne, J. L.; Lehrmann, D. J.; Wei, J.; Orchard, M. J.; Schrag, D. P.; Knoll, A. H. (2004). "Large Perturbations of the Carbon Cycle During Recovery from the End-Permian Extinction". Science. 305 (5683): 506–9. Bibcode:2004Sci...305..506P. doi:10.1126/science.1097023. PMID 15273391. S2CID 35498132.
- ^ "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. September 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point". International Commission of Stratigraphy. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
- ^ Rigo, Manuel; Bertinelli, Angela; Concheri, Giuseppe; Gattolin, Giovanni; Godfrey, Linda; Katz, Miriam E.; Maron, Matteo; Mietto, Paolo; Muttoni, Giovanni; Sprovieri, Mario; Stellin, Fabio; Mariachiara, Zaffani (2016). "The Pignola-Abriola section (southern Apennines, Italy): a new GSSP candidate for the base of the Rhaetian Stage". Lethaia. 49 (3): 287–306. Bibcode:2016Letha..49..287R. doi:10.1111/let.12145. hdl:11577/3157425. ISSN 1502-3931.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ According to Gradstein et al. (2004). Brack et al. (2005) give 226 to 207 million years
- ^ See for a detailed geologic timescale Gradstein et al. (2004)
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