Empedocles

Empedocles
Empedocles of Agrigentum
Born	c. 494 BC Akragas, Sicily
Died	c. 434 BC
Era	Pre-Socratic philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
Main interests	Cosmogony, Biology
Notable ideas	Classical four elements: fire, air, earth and water Love and Strife as opposing physical forces

Empedocles (/ɛmˈpɛdəkliːz/; Ancient Greek: Ἐμπεδοκλῆς; c. 494 – c. 434 BC, fl. 444–443 BC) was a Greek pre-Socratic philosopher and a native citizen of Akragas, a Greek city in Sicily. Empedocles' philosophy is known best for originating the cosmogonic theory of the four classical elements. He also proposed forces he called Love and Strife which would mix and separate the elements, respectively.

Empedocles challenged the practice of animal sacrifice and killing animals for food. He developed a distinctive doctrine of reincarnation. He is generally considered the last Greek philosopher to have recorded his ideas in verse. Some of his work survives, more than is the case for any other pre-Socratic philosopher. Empedocles' death was mythologized by ancient writers, and has been the subject of a number of literary treatments.