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Paleo-Eskimo
The Paleo-Eskimo meaning "old Eskimos", also known as, pre-Thule or pre-Inuit, were the peoples who inhabited the Arctic region from Chukotka (e.g., Chertov Ovrag) in present-day Russia[1][2] across North America to Greenland before the arrival of the modern Inuit (Eskimo) and related cultures. The first known Paleo-Eskimo cultures developed by 3900 to 3600 BCE,[3] but were gradually displaced in most of the region, with the last one, the Dorset culture, disappearing around 1500 CE.
Paleo-Eskimo groups included the Pre-Dorset; the Saqqaq culture of Greenland (2500–800 BCE); the Independence I and Independence II cultures of northeastern Canada and Greenland (c. 2400–1800 BCE and c. 800–1 BCE); the Groswater of Labrador, Nunavik, and Newfoundland and the Dorset culture (500 BCE – 1400 CE), which spread across Arctic North America. The Dorset was the last major "Paleo-Eskimo" culture in the Arctic before the migration east from present-day Alaska of the Thule, the ancestors of the modern Inuit.[4]
- ^ Gusev, Sergey V.; Zagoroulko, Andrey V.; Porotov, Aleksey V. (1999). "Sea mammal hunters of Chukotka, Bering Strait: recent archaeological results and problems". In Peter Rowley-Conwy (ed.). Arctic Archaeology. Routledge. pp. 354–369. doi:10.4324/9780203060216. ISBN 978-0-2030-6021-6.
- ^ Gusev, Sergey V.; Zagoroulko, Andrey V.; Porotov, Aleksey V. (February 1999). "Sea mammal hunters of Chukotka, Bering Strait: Recent archaeological results and problems". World Archaeology. 30 (3): 354–369. doi:10.1080/00438243.1999.9980417. ISSN 0043-8243. JSTOR 124957. Wikidata Q57271869.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
CMoHwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "The Prehistory of Greenland". National Museum of Denmark. Retrieved April 14, 2010.
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