SS Normandie

"Normandie" at sea c. 1935–1936
History
France
NameNormandie
NamesakeNormandy
OwnerCompagnie Générale Transatlantique[1]
Port of registryPort of Le Havre[1]
RouteLe Havre-Southampton-New York
BuilderChantiers de Penhoet, Saint-Nazaire, France[1]
Laid down26 January 1931
Launched29 October 1932
Christened29 October 1932
Completed1933
Maiden voyage29 May 1935[2]
In service1935–1942
Out of service1942
Identification
FateCaught fire, capsized February 1942. Scrapped October 1946.
General characteristics
TypeOcean liner
Tonnage
  • 79,280 GRT (1935–1936)
  • 83,423 GRT (post-1936)
Displacement68,350 tons (loaded)
Length
  • 313.6 m (1,029 ft) o/a
  • 293.2 m (962 ft) p/p[1]
Beam35.9 m (117 ft 10 in);[1]
Height56.1 m (184 ft)
Draught11.2 m (36 ft 7 in) (loaded)
Depth28.0 m (92 ft) to promenade (strength) deck
Decks12
Installed powerFour turbo-electric, total 160,000 hp (200,000 hp max).[3]
PropulsionFour 3 bladed on launch – later 4 bladed
Speed
  • 29.5 kn (54.6 km/h; 33.9 mph) designed
  • 32.2 kn (59.6 km/h; 37.1 mph) recorded on trials
Capacity1,972: 848 First Class (cabin), 670 Tourist Class, 454 Third Class
Crew1,345

SS Normandie was a French ocean liner built in Saint-Nazaire, France, for the French Line Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT). She entered service in 1935 as the largest and fastest passenger ship afloat, crossing the Atlantic in a record 4.14 days, and remains the most powerful steam turbo-electric-propelled passenger ship ever built.[4][5]

Normandie's novel design and lavish interiors led many to consider her the greatest of ocean liners.[6][7] Despite this, she was not a commercial success and relied partly on government subsidy to operate.[7] During service as the flagship of the CGT, she made 139 westbound transatlantic crossings from her home port of Le Havre to New York City. Normandie held the Blue Riband for the fastest transatlantic crossing at several points during her service career, during which RMS Queen Mary was her main rival.

During the Second World War, Normandie was seized by U.S. authorities at New York and renamed USS Lafayette. In 1942, while being converted to a troopship, the liner caught fire and capsized onto her port side and came to rest, half submerged, on the bottom of the Hudson River at Pier 88 (the site of the current Manhattan Cruise Terminal). Although salvaged at great expense, restoration was deemed too costly and she was scrapped in October 1946.

  1. ^ a b c d e f Lloyd's Register, Steamers & Motorships (PDF). London: Lloyd's Register. 1935. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
  2. ^ Bathe 1972, p. 236.
  3. ^ "Latest Triumphs in Electric Ships". Popular Science. November 1933.
  4. ^ Ardman 1985, pp. 46–47.
  5. ^ "Colossus into Clyde". Time. 1 October 1934. Archived from the original on 25 January 2009. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
  6. ^ Ardman 1985, p. 2.
  7. ^ a b Floating Palaces. (1996) A&E. TV Documentary. Narrated by Fritz Weaver

SS Normandie

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